Why is earthing necessary in electrical systems?

Earthing is nothing but a return path of fault/excessive currents safely into the ground in the presence of minimal resistance or impedance.

  1. The primary purpose of earthing is to reduce the risk of serious electric shock from current leaking into uninsulated metal parts of an appliance, power tool, or other electrical devices. 
  2. In a properly earthed system, such leaking/fault current is carried away harmlessly while tripping the fuse.
  3.  Earthing also provides protection from large electrical disturbances like lightning strikes and power surges.

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